- Overview
- Child and Family
- Practitioner
- EIS Program/LEA
- Critical Questions:
Racial Equity
Bread and Butter Questions Aspirational Questions
1.A. Child and Family Characteristics | ||
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1.A.1. Are programs processes and procedures resulting in equal opportunity for receipt of EI/ECSE for children and families of all races and ethnicities? | ||
Focus | Question | Possible Metric/Additional Information |
Race/ethnicity of children served |
1.A.1.a. What are the racial/ethnic characteristics of children and families currently enrolled in EI/ECSE (single day and over a time period)? 1.A.1.b. What is the current EI/ECSE enrollment for children and families across all race and ethnic backgrounds? |
# and % of children served from each racial/ethnic group |
Relationship to other demographic characteristics |
1.A.1.c. How is race/ethnicity of the children served related to other demographic characteristics, e.g., is race/ethnicity related to mother’s education level, family income, eligibility for Medicaid, etc.? | # and % of children from each racial/ethnic group in each group, e.g., levels of mother’s education, levels of family income, eligibility for Medicaid, etc. |
Disability characteristics |
1.A.1.d. Do the disability characteristics or severity of disability differ for children of different racial/ethnic groups? | For each racial/ethnic group, # and % of each primary disability, diagnostic codes., or severity indicator. Also, could present all disabilities or codes |
Compared to general population |
1.A.1.e. What is the percent of the population served for each racial/ethnic group? | (# of children in same age group in each racial/ethnic group in EI//ECSE)/(# of children in same age group in each racial/ethnic group in the general population) |
Change over time |
1.A.1. f. How have the racial/ethnic characteristics of the children served changed over time? | Possible metrics: #, % of those served in each racial/ethnic group in EI/ECSE, % of general population |
Differences by EIS programs/LEAs |
1.A.1.g. Do EIS programs/LEAs differ in the race/ethnicity of the children and families they are serving (single day or over a time period)? 1.A.1.h. For each EIS programs/LEAs, what is the percentage of the population served for each racial/ethnic group? Has this changed over time? |
Same metrics in 1.A.1.a-f shown for each EIS program/LEA |
1.B. IDEA Services and Settings | ||
1.B.1. Are programs providing appropriate services and supports to children and families of all races and ethnicities? | ||
Focus | Question | Possible Metric/Additional Information |
Services received: Type of service |
1.B.1.b. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in services received for each type of service? | For each racial/ethnic group, # and % of children who received each type of service |
Planned services: Amount |
1.B.1.c. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the amount of planned service for each service? | For each racial/ethnic group, average amount of planned service (per time frame, e.g., a month) for each child for each service |
Services received: Amount |
1.B.1.d. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the amount of received service for each service? | For each racial/ethnic group, average amount of received service (per time frame, e.g., a month) for each child for each service |
Amount received compared to amount planned |
1.B.1.e. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the amount of service received compared to the amount planned (i.e., amount of service received/amount of service planned) for each planned service? | For each child for each service in a given time frame (e.g., one year): amount of service received/amount of service planned x 100. Average of this % for each service for each racial/ethnic group |
Cost per child |
1.B.1.f. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the cost per child for EI/ECSE services? | For each racial/ethnic group, average cost per child for EI/ECSE services |
Full cost for IDEA services |
1.B.1.g. What would it cost to provide IDEA services for young children with disabilities from each racial/ethnic group consistent with recommended practices and quality standards (i.e., estimated need)? | For each child average cost per child for EI/ECSE services based on assumption that IFSP/IEP includes all needed services and caseloads of providers are based on recommended practices |
Differences by EIS programs/LEAs |
1.B.1.h. Are differences by race/ethnicity across EIS program/LEAs in any of the following:
|
Same metrics in 1B.1.a-g for each IES program/LEA |
1.B.2. Are programs processes and procedures for entering EI/ECSE working equally well for children and families of all races and ethnicities? | ||
Referral sources |
1.B.2.a. Are there differences in referral sources (e.g., parent, physician, social services) to EI/ECSE by race/ethnicity of the child referred? | For each racial/ethnic group, # and % of referrals coming from each referral source |
Number referred |
1.B.2.b. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the children referred for EI/ECSE services? | Referral Ratio #1 = (Of all children referred, % in each racial/ethnic group)/(% of each racial/ethnic group in that age group in the general population) or Referral ratio #2 = (# of children referred in a racial/ethnic group)/(number of children of that age group in the general population) |
Complete eligibility evaluation |
1.B.2.c. Are there differences by race/ethnicity for children who complete an eligibility evaluation? | Completed evaluation ratio = (# of children who completed an evaluation)/(# of children referred) for each racial/ethnic group |
Found eligible |
1.B.2.d. Are there differences by race/ethnicity for children who are found eligible? | Found eligible ratio = (# of children found eligible)/# of children evaluated) for each racial/ethnic group |
Begin service |
1.B.2.e. Are there differences by race/ethnicity for children who begin service after being found eligible? | Begin service ratio = (# of children who begin service)/# of children found eligible) for each racial/ethnic group |
Age at referral and entry |
1.B.2.f. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the average age at referral and average age at entry? | Average age at referral, average age at entry for each racial/ethnic group |
Length of time between program milestones |
1.B.2.g. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the length of time between program milestones (e.g., time between referral, evaluation, IFSP/IEP, first service, and transition)? | Average length of time between each program milestone for each racial/ ethnic group |
Meet program milestones on time |
1.B.2.h. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the percentage of children meeting each program milestone (e.g., time between referral, evaluation, IFSP/IEP, first service, and transition) within timelines based on IDEA requirements or state standards? | % of children within each racial/ethnic group who met milestones on time |
Length of time in program |
1.B.2.i. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the length of time children receive EI/ ECSE? | Average length of time in service for each racial/ethnic group |
Continue from EI to ECSE |
1.B.2.j. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the percentage of children who receive EI services who continue on to ECSE? | % of children within each racial/ethnic group who continue on to ECSE |
Receive ECSE and received EI |
1.B.2.k. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the percentage of children in ECSE who received EI? | % of children in ECSE within each racial/ethnic group who received EI |
Reasons for exit |
1.B.2.l. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the reasons why children leave EI/ECSE? | % of children leaving for each reason within each racial/ethnic group |
Differences by EIS programs/LEAs |
1.B.2.m Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the children enrolled but not participating in EI/ECS:
|
Same metrics in 1.B.2.a-l for each IES program/LEA |
1.B.3. Are programs providing children of all races and ethnicities an equal opportunity to receive IDEA services in settings that are for all children? | ||
Setting for all children |
1.B.3.a Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the percentage of children receiving IDEA services in settings that are for all children (e.g., state-operated prekindergarten, Head Start)? | For ECSE: % of children attending the regular early childhood program and receiving the majority of special education and related services in the regular early childhood program by race/ethnicity (Indicator B6a) |
Specialized/special education settings |
1.B.3.b. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the percentage of children receiving IDEA services in specialized/special education settings? | For ECSE: % of children in a separate special education class, separate school, or residential facility by race/ethnicity (Indicator B6b) |
Quality of Care |
1.B.3.c. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the quality of the general early care and education settings in which young children with disabilities receive IDEA services? | % of children by race/ethnicity in each level of quality Requires data on quality of general ECE programs (e.g., Quality Rating Improvement System (QRIS) levels or ratings) |
Differences by EIS programs/LEAs |
1.B.3.d. Are there differences by race/ethnicity across EIS programs/LEAs in:
|
Same metrics in 1.B.3.a-c for each IES program/LEA |
1.C. Non-IDEA Programs and Services | ||
1.C.1. Are general early care and education programs providing equitable access to young children with disabilities of all races and ethnicities? | ||
Focus | Question | Possible Metric/Additional Information |
Attending early care and education programs |
1.C.1.a. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the percentage of children with IFSP/IEPs who are attending general early care and education programs3 (e.g., Early Head Start, Head Start, home visiting, child care, state-operated prekindergarten)? | % of children with IFSP/IEPs attending general early care and education programs by race/ethnicity |
Attending in high-quality early care and education programs |
1.C.1.b. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the percentage of children with IFSP/IEPs who are attending high-quality early care and education settings? | % of children by race/ethnicity in each level of quality Requires data on quality of general ECE programs. (e.g., Quality Rating Improvement System (QRIS) levels or ratings) |
1.C.2. Are all young children with disabilities of all racial and ethnic backgrounds provided an equal opportunity to receive the public benefits for which they are eligible? | ||
Insurance type |
1.C.2.a Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the percentage of children in EI/ECSE enrolled in public insurance, such as Medicaid and/or the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP)? 1.C.2.b. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the percentage of children in EI/ECSE who are eligible for public insurance, such as Medicaid and/or the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) but are not receiving it? |
% of children in EI/ECSE enrolled in public insurance, such as Medicaid and/or the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) by race/ethnicity % of children who are eligible but not receiving public insurance, such as Medicaid and/or the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) by race/ethnicity |
Public services |
1.C.2.c. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the percentage of children or families in EI/ECSE receiving other public services (e.g., The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children [WIC]; foster care; children with special health care needs [CSHCN]; child protective services [CPS]; supplemental security income [SSI])? 1.C.2.d. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the percentage of children in EI/ECSE who are eligible for other public services (e.g., The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children [WIC]; foster care; children with special health care needs [CSHCN]; child protective services [CPS]; supplemental security income [SSI]) but not receiving them? |
% of children in EI/ECSE enrolled in public insurance, such as Medicaid and/or the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) by race/ethnicity % of children who are eligible but not receiving other public services (e.g., The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children [WIC]; foster care; children with special health care needs [CSHCN]; child protective services [CPS]; supplemental security income [SSI]) but not receiving them? |
Differences by EIS programs/LEAs |
1.C.2.e. Are there differences by race/ethnicity across EIS program/LEAs in:
|
Same metrics in 1.C.2.a-d for each IES program/LEA |
1.D. Child and Family Outcomes | ||
1.D.1. Do EI/ECSE services produce equitable outcomes for children and families of all races and ethnicities during and immediately after EI/ECSE? | ||
Focus | Question | Possible Metric/Additional Information |
Expected growth at exit |
1.D.1.a. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the percentage of children exiting EI/ECSE who showed greater than expected growth (summary statement 1) and exited within age expectations (summary statement 2)? 1.D.1.b. How do the patterns compare across child outcomes? |
% of children in EI/ECSE who showed greater than expected growth and exited within age expectations by race/ethnicity |
Continue into ECSE |
1.D.1.c. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the percentage of children who receive EI services and who continue on to ECSE? | % of children who receive EI services and who continue on to ECSE by race/ethnicity |
Family outcomes achieved |
1.D.1.d. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the outcomes families achieve during their time in EI/ESCE (e.g., helping their child develop and learn, being able to advocate for their rights)? | % of families that know their rights, effectively communicate their children’s needs, and help their children develop and learn by race/ethnicity |
Changes over time |
1.D.1.e. Have any differences by race/ethnicity in child and family outcomes changed over time? 1.D.1.f. How do the trends compare across outcomes? |
% of children in EI/ECSE who showed greater than expected growth and exited within age expectations by race/ethnicity over 3 or more years % of families that know their rights, effectively communicate their children’s needs, and help their children develop and learn by race/ethnicity over 3 or more years |
Differences by EIS programs/LEAs |
1.D.1.g. Are there differences by race/ethnicity across EIS program/LEAs in:
|
Same metrics in 1.D.1.a-f for each EIS program/LEA |
1.D.2. Do past and current services and programs produce equitable long-term outcomes for children of all races and ethnicities who participated in EI/ECSE? | ||
Exiting at age expectations and do not go on to receive an IEP |
1.D.2.a. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the percentage of children who exit EI/ECSE at age expectations without an IEP and do not have an IEP in K-12 (e.g., in kindergarten, in third grade, in grade 12, at graduation, ever)? | % of children who exit EI/ECSE at age expectations and do not have an IEP in K-12 by race/ethnicity |
Exiting at age expectations without IEP and do subsequently receive an IEP |
1.D.2.b. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the percentage of children who exit EI/ECSE at age expectations without an IEP but who subsequently receive an IEP later in K-12? | % of children who exit EI/ECSE at age expectations without an IEP but who subsequently receive an IEP later in K-12 by race/ethnicity |
Received EI/ECSE and achieving at grade level in K-12 |
1.D.2.c. Are there differences by race/ethnicity in the percentage of children who have received EI/ECSE and are achieving at grade level later in K-12 (e.g., at grade 3, grade 6)? 1.D.2.e. How do the percentages of EI/ECSE recipients by race/ethnicity achieving at grade level compare with the percentage of their classmates of the same race/ethnicity achieving at grade level? |
% of children who have received EI/ECSE and are achieving at grade level later in K-12 by race/ethnicity Compare children who have received EI/ECSE with children who did not receive EI/ECSE by race/ethnicity |
Differences by EIS programs/LEAs |
1.D.2.f. Do early childhood and subsequent educational services result in equitable long-term outcomes for all races/ethnicities, i.e., are there differences by race/ethnicity across EIS program/LEAs in:
|
Same metrics in 1.D.2.a-e each IES program/LEA |
Published October 2023.